The Republic of Liberia is situated in Western Africa. Liberia shares its border with Sierra Leone to the northwest, Guinea to the north, Côte d'Ivoire to the east. The North Atlantic Ocean borders the country to the southwest. Monrovia is the capital of Liberia.
Liberia is the home of the tallest man-made structure of Africa, the mast of former Paynesville Omega transmitter.
HISTORY:- The Deys, Bassa, Kru, Gola and Gissi were the earliest inhabitants of Liberia. Manes people conquered the land before the Vai people migrated into the coastal area of the nation. Between 15th century and late 17th century, the Portuguese, Dutch and British traders set up trading posts in the land. The American Colonization Society established a base to send liberated African-American slaves in Liberia and in 1847, the Republic of Liberia was declared by the Americo-Liberian. It was the earliest republic of Africa. Joseph Jenkins Roberts of Virginia became the first elected President of Liberia. Six-time President, William V. S. Tubman died in 1971 and he was followed by the Vice President William R. Tolbert. Tolbert was overthrown in a military coup and Master Sgt. Samuel K. Doe became the President. The Doe era was marked by corruption and brutality. In 1989 civil war broke out and Doe was assassinated. The war was ended in 1997. Charles Taylor became the President in 1997.
GEOGRAPHY:- Liberia is located at 6 30 N, 9 30 W in Western Africa. Liberia has occupied total 111,370 sq km area in which 96,320 sq km is occupied by land and 15,050 sq km by internal water sources. The coastline is 579 km long along the North Atlantic Ocean. The lowest point is Atlantic Ocean (0 m) and the highest point is Mount Wuteve (1,380 m). The terrain of Liberia is flat to rolling plains along the coasts, rising to rolling plateau and low mountains in the northeast.
CLIMATE:- The climate of Liberia is tropical, hot, and humid with dry winters with hot days and relatively cooler nights; and wet, cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers.
GOVERNMENT:- Liberia is a republic. The constitution was adopted on 6th January 1986. The dual legal system of Liberia comprises the statutory law, based on the Anglo-American common law for the modern sector and the customary law, based on unwritten tribal decorum for indigenous sector. The three branches of the government are:
Executive branch comprises the President (chief of state and head of government), the Vice President, and cabinet. The President is elected by a popular vote on a 6-year term. The cabinet ministers are appointed by the President after confirmation by the Senate.
Legislative branch comprises the bicameral National Assembly, which consists of the Senate (30 seats), and House of Representatives (64 seats).
Judicial branch comprises the Supreme Court.
Among the 30 registered political parties, Alliance for Peace and Democracy, Coalition for the Transformation of Liberia, Congress for Democratic Change, Liberty Party, National Patriotic Party, and Unity Party are principal. Suffrage is universal at the age of 18.
President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf
Vice-President Joseph Boakai
Vice-President Joseph Boakai
ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS:- Liberia is divided into 15 counties: Bomi, Bong, Gbarpolu, Grand Bassa, Grand Cape Mount, Grand Gedeh, Grand Kru, Lofa, Margibi, Maryland, Montserrado, Nimba, River Cess, River Gee, and Sinoe.
CULTURE:- Liberia is worldwide famous for its hospitality, academic institutions, cultural skills, textile arts and quilting.
ECONOMY:- Liberia’s unemployment rate (85%) is the 2nd highest in the world.
GDP/PPP (2005 est.): $2.598 billion; per capita $900.
Real growth rate: 8%.
Inflation: 15% (2003 est.).
Unemployment: 85% (2003 est.).
Arable land: 4%.
Agriculture: Rubber, coffee, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), palm oil, sugarcane, bananas; sheep, goats; timber.
Debt - external: $3.2 billion (2005 est.)
Budget:
Revenues: NA
Expenditures: NA
Revenues: NA
Expenditures: NA
Labor force: Agriculture 70%, industry 8%, services 22% (2000 est.).
Industries: Rubber processing, palm oil processing, timber, diamonds.
Natural resources: Iron ore, timber, diamonds, gold, hydropower.
Exports: $910 million f.o.b. (2004 est.): rubber, timber, iron, diamonds, cocoa, coffee.
Imports: $4.839 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.): fuels, chemicals, machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods; foodstuffs.
Major trading partners: Denmark, Germany, Poland, U.S., Greece, Thailand, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Croatia (2004).
Monetary unit: Liberian dollar
LANGUAGE:- English spoke by 20% of the total population is the official language of Liberia while some 20 ethnic group languages are also spoken.
CITIES:- The capital of Liberia Monrovia is the largest city of the country. Other major cities are Buchanan, Ganta, Gbarnga, Kakata, Harbel.
POPULATION:- The estimated population of Liberia is 3,193,942 with the average growth rate of 4.8%.
Density per sq mi: 86
Literacy rate: 58% (2003 est.)
Density per sq mi: 86
Literacy rate: 58% (2003 est.)
RACE:-
Indigenous African 95% (including Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo, Mano, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, Dei, Bella, Mandingo, and Mende)
Americo-Liberians 2.5% (descendants of immigrants from the US who had been slaves)
Congo People 2.5% (descendants of immigrants from the Caribbean who had been slaves)
Indigenous African 95% (including Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo, Mano, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, Dei, Bella, Mandingo, and Mende)
Americo-Liberians 2.5% (descendants of immigrants from the US who had been slaves)
Congo People 2.5% (descendants of immigrants from the Caribbean who had been slaves)
RELIGION:-
Christian 40%
Muslim 20%
Indigenous beliefs 40%
Christian 40%
Muslim 20%
Indigenous beliefs 40%
HEALTH:-
Birth rate: 42.92 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate: 21.45 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 143.89 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 41.13 years
Total fertility rate: 5.87 children born/woman (2008 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 7,200 (2003 est.)
Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2004): 41
Birth rate: 42.92 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate: 21.45 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 143.89 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 41.13 years
Total fertility rate: 5.87 children born/woman (2008 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 7,200 (2003 est.)
Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2004): 41
UNICEF:- UNICEF re-started 27 health clinics, launched a measles vaccination program for all under-5 children, and improved sanitation facilities. UNICEF provides basic and emergency health care to plenty of displaced populations. More than 1 million children received polio vaccination and vitamin A supplements through 185 health facilities and UNICEF. UNICEF partnered with the World Food Programme to provide treatment to over 100,000 malnourished women and children in IDP camps. UNICEF provided training to over 1,000 teachers and educational kits for over 1,000 schools and 350,000 children. UNICEF also fights against violation of children rights and has educated 1,500 new Liberian National Police officers in child rights and child protection. The National Assembly introduced a comprehensive girls’ education policy to improve the scenario of girls’ education in Liberia. With the help of UNICEF, more than 12000 children are demobilized from armed forces.
TRANSPORTATION:-
Railways: total: 490 km (2002).
Highways: total: 10,600 km; paved: 657 km; unpaved: 9,943 km (1999 est.).
Ports and harbors: Buchanan, Greenville, Harper, Monrovia.
Airports: 47 (2002).
Railways: total: 490 km (2002).
Highways: total: 10,600 km; paved: 657 km; unpaved: 9,943 km (1999 est.).
Ports and harbors: Buchanan, Greenville, Harper, Monrovia.
Airports: 47 (2002).
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